This journal follows an immediate open access model, based on the principle that free and unrestricted access to research supports the advancement of global knowledge exchange and promotes wider dissemination of scientific findings.

Under the open access policy:

– Users are free to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, and link to the full texts of articles for any lawful, non-commercial purpose without prior permission from the publisher or the author, provided proper citation is given. Commercial use requires separate authorization.

– All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), allowing maximum reuse while ensuring authors receive proper credit.

– Authors retain the copyright of their work and license it under terms that allow maximum reuse while protecting the original authorship.

– The Editorial Team and the Editorial Board are committed to upholding high standards of academic publishing by ensuring that the open access policy is implemented transparently, ethically, and responsibly