The impact of information technology skills on cyber deviance among employees in the banking sector of Mongolia
Narantungalag Ganbat
, Gerelmaa Damba, Nandin-Erdene Banzragch, Delgersaikhan Bold, Tamir Enkhbat
Corresponding Author: Gerelmaa Damba
1Business Management Department, University of Finance and Economics, Mongolia, narantungalag.g@ufe.edu.mn,
2Business Management Department, University of Finance and Economics, Mongolia, gerelmaa.d@ufe.edu.mn,
3Marketing Management Department, University of Finance and Economics, Mongolia, nandinerdene.b@ufe.edu.mn
4Accounting Department, University of Finance and Economics, Mongolia, delgersaikhan.b@ufe.edu.mn
5Business Management Department, University of Finance and Economics, Mongolia, tamir.en@ufe.edu.mn
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.53468/mifyr.2025.05.02.01
Abstract – The rapid digitalization of the banking sector has significantly increased employees’ reliance on information technology (IT), thereby creating new opportunities for various forms of cyber deviance in the workplace. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between employees’ IT skill levels and the occurrence of cyber deviance among bank employees. The study was conducted in the Mongolian banking sector, which has undergone substantial digital transformation in recent years. A quantitative research design was employed, and a total of 434 bank employees participated in the study. Data were collected using a validated 24-item survey instrument measuring four dimensions of cyber deviance: unauthorized IT access, cyberslacking, computer abuse, and cyberaggression. To ensure the robustness of the measurement model, exploratory factor analyses were conducted, followed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine differences in cyber deviance across varying levels of IT skills. The results showed that employees’ IT skill levels did not have a statistically significant effect on the overall frequency of cyber deviance. However, a notable finding was that employees with advanced IT skills reported a higher tendency to monitor their coworkers’ computer usage. This suggests that higher technical proficiency may be associated with informal surveillance behaviors rather than direct engagement in cyber deviance. These findings indicate that cyber deviance in banks cannot be explained solely by employees’ technical capabilities but should be understood within a broader organizational and ethical context. The study highlights the importance of developing targeted cybersecurity policies, ethical guidelines, and training programs that address both overt and subtle forms of cyber deviance. By focusing on employee awareness, supervision practices, and ethical IT use, this research provides practical insights for enhancing organizational security and governance in digitally transforming banking institutions.
Keywords – Cyber deviance, IT skills, workplace behavior, banking sector, Mongolia
Article History: Received 25 March 2025, Received in revised form 27 March 2025, Accepted 3 May 2025